Wilderness Landscape & Natural Heritage
The Vitoria-Gasteiz Green Belt (Anillo Verde in Spanish) is a pioneering urban ecological project located in the Basque Country of northern Spain. Established in the 1990s, it surrounds the city of Vitoria-Gasteiz, the capital of Álava province, forming a roughly 30 km-long ring of interconnected green spaces that integrate farmland, wetlands, woodlands, and meadows. Its creation was driven by the city’s commitment to sustainability and biodiversity conservation, transforming former agricultural and marginal lands into vibrant habitats and recreational corridors. The belt covers approximately 3,000 hectares and features over 130 kilometers of walking and cycling paths, making it a favored destination for locals and visitors seeking outdoor activities close to the city. Ecologically, the Green Belt is significant for hosting diverse bird species including ducks, herons, and raptors, particularly within the wetlands that attract migratory birds. The landscape includes small forests with oak, beech, and pine trees, alongside cultivated fields and seasonal ponds. Through extensive restoration and land management, the Green Belt improves air quality, controls urban sprawl, and supports residents’ wellbeing by providing ample green space for leisure and education. Popular activities include hiking, biking, bird watching, jogging, and nature photography. Several landmarks stand out within the Green Belt, such as the Salburua Wetlands, a RAMSAR site, the Zabalgana park with playgrounds and picnic areas, and the Armentia forest with its historic basilica nearby. The area is also celebrated for its accessibility, with multiple entrances around the city's perimeter and well-marked trails suitable for all levels of fitness. Overall, the Vitoria-Gasteiz Green Belt exemplifies successful urban planning that prioritizes ecological restoration and community engagement, making it a model green infrastructure project in Europe.
