Wilderness Landscape & Natural Heritage
The Detroit River International Wildlife Refuge is the only international wildlife refuge in North America, located along the Detroit River and western Lake Erie shoreline in southeastern Michigan. Established in 2001, the refuge encompasses a mosaic of wetlands, coastal islands, riverside marshes, and urban green spaces. It extends across 6,000 acres of protected lands and waters, connecting with Canadian counterpart habitats, providing critical sanctuary for migratory birds, fish, and native plants. The refuge serves as an important stopover for waterfowl, songbirds, and raptors during migration seasons, and supports endangered species such as the Lake Erie water snake. Recreational opportunities include hiking, birdwatching, fishing, boating, and wildlife photography, with designated trails and observation points throughout the refuge. Key landmarks include Humbug Marsh, the largest federally protected coastal wetland on the Great Lakes, and islands such as Grassy Island and West Sister Island. The refuge also plays an integral role in urban conservation education and habitat restoration, collaborating with local communities and international partners. Visitors appreciate the refuge’s blend of natural beauty within a metropolitan region, providing accessible outdoor recreation and unique insights into Great Lakes ecology.
