Wilderness Landscape & Natural Heritage
Parque Estadual de Ilhabela, established in 1977, protects a large portion of Ilhabela Island, an Atlantic Forest island located off the northern coast of São Paulo state. Covering lush tropical rainforest, steep mountainous terrain, and a rugged coastline, the park is known for preserving one of the most representative remnants of the Atlantic Forest biome in Brazil. The geology is marked by granite outcrops and hills rising up to about 1,000 meters, with the iconic Pico do Baepi being one of the highest points. Visitors enjoy extensive trails that lead to pristine waterfalls, natural swimming pools, and remote beaches. The park’s diverse ecosystems host countless species of plants and animals, including many endemic and threatened species such as the black lion tamarin and various birds. Ilhabela’s marine surroundings add to its appeal with opportunities for kayaking and snorkeling near the shores. Historically, the park was created to protect the island’s valuable and fragile ecosystems from increasing tourism and development pressure. Today, the park attracts ecotourists, hikers, birdwatchers, and nature lovers seeking a richly biodiverse experience combined with stunning natural beauty. Its network of trails, including the challenging ascent to the highest peaks, offers spectacular panoramic views of the Atlantic Ocean and surrounding islands. The park aims to balance conservation efforts with sustainable tourism, providing education and low-impact recreation options.
