Sintra-Cascais Natural Park

Sintra-Cascais Natural Park covers a unique area of western Portugal that combines mountainous terrain, rugged coastline, and Mediterranean forest ecosystems. Established in 1994, the park extends from the Sintra mountain range to the Atlantic Ocean, including the town of Cascais and the dramatic cape of Cabo da Roca, Europe's westernmost point. The geology is marked by limestone cliffs, sandy beaches, and granite formations, which contribute to varied habitats supporting several endemic and protected plant and animal species. Its ecological richness includes cork oak groves, pine forests, and heathlands, home to fauna like the Iberian emerald lizard, numerous bird species, and marine life along the shorelines. The park’s history is deeply intertwined with human culture: Sintra itself is a UNESCO World Heritage site known for its 19th-century Romantic architecture including the Pena Palace and the Moorish Castle. Outdoor enthusiasts can explore an extensive network of trails offering views of the Atlantic, waterfalls, and ancient woodlands. Recreational activities range from hiking, mountain biking, and birdwatching to rock climbing and coastal exploration. The park attracts visitors year-round for its blend of natural and cultural attractions, with easy access from Lisbon making it ideal for day trips or multi-day adventures. Facilities include interpretive centers and well-marked nature paths, enhancing the experience for visitors of all levels.