Wilderness Landscape & Natural Heritage
Established in 1930, Sierra Cristal National Park is Cuba’s oldest national park, located in the eastern province of Holguín. It encompasses part of the Sierra Cristal mountain range, which features some of the highest elevations in eastern Cuba, including Pico Toldo at approximately 1,300 meters (4,265 feet). The park covers a rich landscape of pine and evergreen forests, deep valleys, and clear streams. The area is a biodiversity hotspot, harboring many endemic species such as the Cuban solenodon, a rare mammal, as well as a variety of birds including the Cuban trogon and the bee hummingbird, the world’s smallest bird. Visitors can explore several trails that range in complexity, offering panoramic vistas of the surrounding mountains and valleys. The park's remote and rugged terrain provides excellent opportunities for hiking, wildlife viewing, and photography. Additionally, the well-preserved natural environment supports traditional activities like birdwatching and nature study. Sierra Cristal’s cultural history is tied to the indigenous Taíno people and later Cuban settlers, whose presence is reflected in the region’s folklore and archaeological traces. Unlike more frequented Cuban parks, Sierra Cristal remains a relatively undiscovered gem, appealing to adventure travelers seeking solitude and authentic backcountry experiences. The park is accessible from the nearby town of Mayarí and offers a glimpse into Cuba’s diverse ecological heritage beyond its famed beaches and cities.
