Wilderness Landscape & Natural Heritage
Located in the Koillismaa region of northeastern Finland, the Natura Sites represent a network of specially protected areas under the European Union's Natura 2000 program aimed at preserving Europe's most valuable and threatened species and habitats. The sites within Koillismaa span large tracts of boreal forest, peatlands, lakes, and riverine ecosystems, creating an important refuge for wildlife including species like the Eurasian lynx, flying squirrel, and a variety of rare birds such as the Siberian jay and black-throated diver. With minimal industrial impact and low human disturbance, these areas maintain a high degree of naturalness. Many of the forests are dominated by Scots pine, Norway spruce, and birch, while wetlands preserve peat mosses and water-loving plants. Koillismaan Natura Sites are popular with nature enthusiasts seeking tranquility, bird observation, and hiking opportunities. Trails in some sites vary from easy walks to more challenging treks, and pristine lakes encourage fishing and kayak use. The history of the region is linked to traditional land use including forestry, reindeer herding, and small-scale agriculture, practices which influence the landscape without extensive modification. Visitors can enjoy observing seasonal changes, from the midnight sun in summer to snow-covered landscapes in winter, which also opens activities such as cross-country skiing and snowshoeing. Though not all sites have formal visitor facilities, the region is recognized for its well-maintained paths and signage in key locations. Together, these Natura Sites contribute to Finland's commitment to environmental preservation and provide important stepping stones for species movement across northern Europe.
