Wilderness Landscape & Natural Heritage
The Hengill Volcanic Area Nature Reserve encompasses a geothermal volcanic system located between the Þingvellir National Park and the town of Hveragerði in southwest Iceland. This area is characterized by its rugged volcanic terrain shaped by multiple eruptions, extensive geothermal activity, and vibrant sulfur springs. The landscape consists of craters, lava fields, fumaroles, hot springs, and boiling mud pots, infused with constant geothermic energy heating the ground and creating steam vents. Hengill is part of the larger Hengill Central Volcano system, notable for its significance in Iceland’s volcanic geology and as a source of clean geothermal energy utilized in nearby towns. The area sits on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, where the Eurasian and North American tectonic plates diverge. Vegetation here is typical of Iceland’s volcanic highlands, with hardy mosses, grasses, and shrubs adapted to acidic soils and geothermal warmth, supporting bird species like the golden plover and various ground-nesting birds.
Visitors to Hengill can engage in extensive hiking on marked trails that lead through geothermal hotspots and panoramic mountain summits such as Núpshlíðarháls. Popular activities include challenging hikes to scenic viewpoints, geothermal bathing in nearby hot springs, and wildlife observation. The reserve is also of cultural and historical interest as the Hengill area has been referenced in early Icelandic sagas and served as a natural boundary marker. The reserve offers quiet solitude compared to more crowded tourist sites in Iceland, ideal for explorers willing to navigate the rugged terrain. The geothermal power plants nearby allow for learning opportunities about sustainable energy practices in an active volcanic setting. Overall, Hengill provides an immersive experience into Iceland’s volcanic forces, with rugged outdoor adventure and natural thermal features attracting hikers, nature lovers, and geothermal enthusiasts.
