Wilderness Landscape & Natural Heritage
Covering nearly 200,000 hectares, Cotacachi Cayapas Ecological Reserve straddles the provinces of Esmeraldas and Imbabura in northern Ecuador. The reserve encompasses a wide variety of ecosystems ranging from Pacific coastal rainforests and mangroves in the lower elevations to montane cloud forests and the páramo alpine tundra at higher altitudes. One of the defining features of the reserve is the dormant Cotacachi Volcano, which rises to 4,944 meters and offers spectacular views and challenging climbs for hikers and climbers. The area is renowned for its exceptional biodiversity, harboring over 500 bird species, numerous mammals such as spectacled bears and howler monkeys, and a vast array of orchid species. Historically, the reserve was established in 1968 in response to the need to protect the region's rich natural heritage, indigenous communities, and water resources. Visitors to Cotacachi Cayapas enjoy hiking, wildlife watching, birding, and exploring indigenous cultural sites. Notable landmarks within the reserve include the imposing Cotacachi Volcano, the community of Cotacachi village known for artisanal crafts, and the lush Cayapas River basin with its pristine waterways. The vast network of trails offers opportunities for day hikes and multi-day treks across varying altitudes and habitats, making the reserve a top destination for ecotourism in Ecuador. Its remote location and protected status preserve an unspoiled wilderness experience that appeals to both casual visitors and serious naturalists.
