Wilderness Landscape & Natural Heritage
Established in 1968, the Cotacachi-Cayapas Ecological Reserve spans over 200,000 acres across the provinces of Imbabura and Esmeraldas in northern Ecuador, at the foothills of the Andes and reaching into the Amazon basin. It encompasses a diverse array of ecosystems including páramo (high-altitude moorlands), cloud forests, and lower tropical rainforests. The Reserve is dominated by the imposing Cotacachi Volcano (an extinct volcano standing at 4,944 meters) and includes the volcanic crater lagoon known as Cuicocha, a popular destination for day hikes and boat tours. The extensive cloud forests harbor an incredible variety of flora and fauna, including many endemic and endangered species such as spectacled bears, ocelots, and toucans. The Reserve is also culturally significant as it overlaps with territories of indigenous communities, who maintain traditional lifestyles and play an important role in conservation efforts. Outdoor enthusiasts can enjoy hiking numerous trails ranging from easy walks near Cuicocha Lagoon to challenging ascents of Cotacachi Volcano. Birdwatchers are drawn by the incredible diversity of bird species, including Andean cock-of-the-rock and a wide array of hummingbirds. The blend of high biodiversity, stunning landscapes, and cultural heritage makes Cotacachi-Cayapas a premier destination for ecotourism and conservation education. The area's accessibility and well-maintained trails allow visitors of varying skill levels to experience its nature, while the dense rainforest and remote areas provide immersive opportunities for backcountry exploration and wildlife viewing.
