Wilderness Landscape & Natural Heritage
Bussaco Forest Protected Landscape (Mata Nacional do Bussaco) is located in the Coimbra district of central Portugal. The forest spans approximately 1050 hectares and is renowned for its unique combination of natural beauty and historical significance. Established in the 17th century as a royal hunting ground for Portuguese royalty, it later became a protected landscape known for its rare Mediterranean and Atlantic flora, including centuries-old native and exotic tree species such as cedar, camellia, cork oak, and magnolia. The forest's lush environment supports an impressive diversity of plant life, with over 700 species including many endemic and rare plants.
The terrain is hilly with winding paths and terraces that offer spectacular views over the surrounding Serra do Bussaco mountains and the Atlantic coast beyond. Beyond the natural environment, the area is also home to the historic Bussaco Palace, a 19th-century palace turned luxury hotel, and the Carmo Convent ruins, a baroque-era religious site with ornate chapels and frescoes integrated into the forest.
Visitors to Bussaco Forest Protected Landscape can enjoy a variety of recreational opportunities, including hiking through well-marked trails, birdwatching, and photography. The park features multiple scenic viewpoints, fountains, and small chapels scattered along the trails. This blend of natural and cultural heritage makes Bussaco Forest a popular destination for locals and tourists seeking outdoor activities combined with historical exploration. The forest’s mild climate and well-preserved environment provide a peaceful setting year-round.
