Wilderness Landscape & Natural Heritage
Belgrad Forest, located approximately 20 kilometers north of Istanbul’s city center, covers around 5,300 hectares and serves as a vital green lung for the metropolitan area. The forest features a mix of deciduous and coniferous trees, with species such as oak, hornbeam, and pine dominating the landscape. Its geography is characterized by rolling hills, streams, and several reservoirs that historically supplied water to Istanbul via the ancient Roman and Ottoman-built aqueducts. Belgrad Forest is named after the village of Belgrad, whose inhabitants were relocated here by the Ottoman Empire in the 16th century.
This forest provides an accessible natural retreat for outdoor enthusiasts interested in hiking, mountain biking, birdwatching, and nature photography. Well-maintained trails stretch through groves of mature trees, oak forests, and alongside small creeks. Key landmarks include the historic Bentler Aqueducts (such as the Valens and Kemerburgaz aqueducts), old stone reservoirs, and numerous picnic areas designed for day visitors. Wildlife includes wild boar, deer, foxes, and various bird species, contributing to the area's ecological value.
Belgrad Forest’s proximity to Istanbul makes it a popular destination for families and urban dwellers seeking fresh air and recreation within reach of the city. Entrance is free, and well-marked trails encourage self-guided exploration. The forest also plays an important role in water protection for the region and ongoing conservation efforts help maintain its natural beauty and biodiversity. Its combination of cultural heritage and outdoor opportunities makes Belgrad Forest a significant natural resource with both recreational and environmental importance.
