Wilderness Landscape & Natural Heritage
The Biosphere Reserve Sierra del Turquino encompasses the highest mountains in Cuba, dominated by Pico Turquino, which rises to 1,974 meters (6,476 feet) and is the tallest peak in the country. Located within Santiago de Cuba Province, this protected area covers deep tropical forests, cloud forests, and rugged mountainous terrain that supports an outstanding level of biodiversity, including many endemic and endangered species such as the Cuban solenodon and the Cuban hutia. Established as a biosphere reserve by UNESCO in 1987, Sierra del Turquino is a critical conservation zone preserving Cuba's unique flora and fauna and maintaining important watershed functions. The reserve encompasses parts of the Granma and Turquino National Parks, making it a hotspot for ecotourism and nature-based recreation. Hiking dominates visitor activities, with trails leading adventurers deep into the untouched rainforest and up to stunning vistas at the summit of Pico Turquino. Visitors can explore rivers, waterfalls, and unique karst formations within its borders. The area also holds cultural significance due to its proximity to the historic city of Santiago de Cuba and its role in Cuban history. The Sierra del Turquino biosphere reserve attracts researchers, birdwatchers, and outdoor enthusiasts seeking an off-the-beaten-path experience in Cuba’s natural heartland.
